Safety razor



Dec. 27, 1938 p; BAUERLE 2,141,339

SAFETY RAZOR Filed Aug. 26, 1955 2 Shets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR DecQ27, 1938.P.'BAU.ERLE 2,141,339

SAFETY RAZOR Filed Aug. '26, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I llllllh INVENTORPatented Dec. 27, 1938 UNITED STATES FF 1Q E This invention relates tosafety razors and-more particularly to safety razors in which amultiedged razor blade is employed. It is an object of the presentinvention to provide a safety razor 5:.and blade which will show certaindefinite advantages over others of the sameclass and type of razors. Oneof the main objects of this inventionis to provide a safety razor, whichwill permit the razor losblade and especially the surface. of itscutting edge to be positioned in a manner relative to the skin, to.produce a true cutting operationat the root of the hair.

A further object is to. provide a razor blade in 15;..whichtheelasticity of flexion on its bendingline is of substantially equaldegree in both directions of inflection.

These'and other objects, which will be. pointed out in the specificationand especially the claims, 20,; attain by means of the devicesillustrated in the accompanying drawings, inwhich':

Fig. l is a front view of an assembled safety razor,

Fig. 2 is a side view .thereof, 5,. Fig. 3 is a sectional front view ofpart of the assembled safety razor on line 3--3, Fig..2.

Fig. 4 is a sectional side viewof partof theassembled safety razor online 4.4l,.Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 illustrates a perspective view of the .four 30,,essential partsof a safety razor separated and aligned in the order required for theirassemblage.-

Fig. 6 is a cross section of part of an enlarged razor blade, on lineE6-of the razor blade of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of parts of a cap, razor blade andguard, before beingclamped into position.

Fig. 8 illustrates the enlarged, partsof Fig. 7 clamped together, asrequired for shaving pur- ,,poses.

Figs. 9, l0 and 11 illustrate safety razor blades in which theperforations of each disclose different contours and inwhich the numberof perforations differ from those of the blade shown in.

Fig. 5.

Fig. 12 shows a safety razor blade with grooves instead of perforations.

imilar numbers refer to several views throughout the drawings.

53 i The safety razor illustrated in the drawings comprises theconventional cap l 5, razor blade l6, guard I1 and handle 58. Thelower'surface of cap l5 has in its centre a square or rectangular shapedstem 59 with a threaded stud 20.v This 5 stem, passing through openings2!, 22 of respec-' tive blade l6 and guard H, is drawn towards the guardby means of the threaded end part 23 of handle l8.

The short edges of the rectangular shaped cap I? have each in the middlethereof projections or 5 guides 2%, extendingin the same direction asthat I of the stem ES. These-guides are semi-cylindrical and slightlyconical in form, to facilitate assembling the blade and the guard attheir respective notches or cut-outs 25, 26 and to guide 10.

and positively-locate the cap, blade and guard relative to each other.

When assembling the parts with the cap, a person will hold the latterwith one finger each at the edges and guides 24 of the cap. In order tomore 15 conveniently grasp these parts, the outer surfacesof the guidesare preferably hallowed and made convex.

In the present inventiontheblade-is not bent curvilinear as intheconventional typeof safety razor, but is bent at anangle a certaindistance away from its longest centre line and near to the cutting edge.For this reason the razor blade l6 is provided with perforations 28, ona line parallel with the cutting edge, but locatedaway from the centreline at preferably more than one-half the distance between the centreline and the cutting edge of said blade.

Blade I5 is providedwith three perforations in each row, of which eachperforation has at its ends and at right angles thereto anoblongperforation 29, to facilitate the fiection of the metal on a linepassing through these perforations. It is a knownv fact, that razorblades, when being bent a number of times, have the tendency to break inalwaysone particular direction of bending. This prior breaking action atonly one side of the blade is due to the differences in the contour ofthe respective upperand lower border edges 30 and 3!, Fig. 6, of theperforations and at the consequent bending line of the blade. Theperforations, being punched into the razor blade, will showthe upperedge 38 to be rounded on account of a compression, while the lower edge3! remains sharp. In order to defer the breaking action and to maketheblades more elastic, the lower outer edges. 32 ofthe oblongperforations 29 are provided with a rounding or chamfer similar to theupper edges 36. This .charnfer or rounding may be added by means of agrinding operation or '50 preferably by, re-punching or compressing themetal at the particular'edge's desired. This needs to be done at theouter or far ofi" edges only, that is, those edges at which the actualbending takes place. 1

Fig. 9 shows a razor blade 34 which has one slot 35 each near itscutting edges and a perforation 3% at each end perpendicular to thisslot, while blades 31, 38 of respective Figs. 10 and 11 possess each tworows of plain perforations. All these blades have their upper and lowerbending edges, located on the bending line and to the left and right ofeach other, rounded or blunted to prevent breakage.

Fig. 12 shows a blade 40 without perforations, but with two sets ofgrooves 4| instead. The grooves of each set are located opposite eachother, one on eachsurface of the blade. These grooves serve the samepurpose as the perforations, which is, to reduce the cross section alongthe bending line of the blade. These grooves also perform the samefunction as the blunted upper and lower bending edges of theperforations, in that they make the elasticity of fiexion on the bendingline substantially'equal'in degree in both directions of inflection.

The object of bending the razor blade at a certain distance away fromits centre line is to introduce a definite cuttingangle for shavingpurposes. This angle is as near parallel to the skin, as is necessaryfor cutting the hair. is a known fact, that if the angle between thecutting edge and the skin is large and, taking for instance an extremeView, is similar to that shown in Fig. 7, the hair would be scrapedinstead of cut off at its roots. If however those parts of thecap andguards which touch the skin are made to position the surfaceof thecutting edge into an almost parallel location with a the skin, it isevident thatthe shaving process will result into apure cuttingoperation. This will consequently produce a clean shave and prevent anunpleasant smarting of the skin.

Fig. 8 illustrates the bending of the blade and the location of thesurface of the cutting edge relative to the skin in the manner referredto. The upper surface 42 of the cutting edge is located at almost or atsubstantially the same height as the skin-touching surfaces 43, Ml of tthe respective cap l5 and guard l1, thereby causing the operator toperform a pure cutting operation.

The bent section 35 of the blade is pressed by the cap portion 46against the angular guard portion 47, thus definitely locating the ladesec- 7 tion 45 and its cutting edge. The result produced, when shaving,is therefore identical to that of a common razor used by the barber andwhich is known to give an'effective cutting operation without scraping.

' tions or openings 49, which permit the segregate, produced by theshaving process to pass therethrough. The sections 50, which thus con- Inect the angular section with the lower bar, are

relieved at their outer edges and below the cutting edgeof the blade, soas to entirely clear the path for the segregate which is forced awayfrom this edge. cap, facing the razor blade, is preferably made flat andnot convex as in the conventional type of caps. The upper surface 52 ofthe guard facing the razor blade is relieved however near the placewhere the blade is bent; so as to per-' mit fiection of the blade whenbeing clamped between the cap and the guard.

The invention described provides therefore a safety razor which, notalone will give 'a true cutting operation and a consequent clean shav-The lower surface 5! of the ing process, but it will also prevent partsto break out from the cutting edge when shaving an especially strongbeard. The reason for this is, that the cutting edge, during the shavingprocess is not subjected to a scraping action and is therefore not undera strain to bend the metal out of its normal position. This inventionalso provides a razor blade which will be more flexible at itsperforations and thereby. prevent breakage at these perforations.

While the invention discloses the preferred form in which the same'is tobe applied, it is to be understood that various changes relative to theshape, size, material and arrangement of forations and having both. theupper and the lower border edges of said'blade blunted, the blunting ofsaidborder edges being characterized by the elimination of sharpness ofsaid edges at the bending line of said blade.

2. A razor blade having one or moreperforations substantially parallelto its cutting edge, to facilitate the bending of said blade onastraight line which is to pass through said perforations and having themetal at the bending line dulled to make the elasticity of flexion onthis line of substantially equal degree in both directions of inflexion.V a

3. A razor bladehaving one or more perforations substantiallyparallel toits cutting edge,

.to' facilitate the bending of said blade on a to facilitate the bendingof said blade' on a 1 7 straight line which is to pass through said per--purpose of'maintaining said blade in position relative to a cap andguard which are to clamp said blade between each other.

5. A safety razor comprising a cap, a guard, 1 a bar at each of the longedges of said guard,

a. razor blade between said cap' and guard and a handle to draw said captowards the guard and to bend said blade over said guard, the sharp andburred corners existing at the edges on one surface of said blade beingdulled at the location ,of the bending line of said blade, said cap andguard being formed to bend said razor blade at the dulled corners and ata substantially sharp angle on a line parallel to the cutting edge andremoved from the centre line of said razor blade and spaced sections insaid guard connecting with each bar and located a distance substantiallybelow the cutting edge of said razor blade to provide space underneaththe entire length of the cutting edge and to permit the segregate topass therethrough during the operation of shaving.

6. A safety razor comprising a cap, a guard, a bar at each of the longedges of said guard, a razor blade between said cap and guard and ahandle to draw said cap towards the guard and tobend said blade oversaid guard, the sharp and burred corners existing at the edges on onesurface of said blade-being dulled at the location of the bending lineof said blade, said cap and guard being formed to bend said razor bladeat the dulled corners and at an angle and to clamp said blade near itscutting edge throughout its entire length and spaced sections in saidguard connecting with each bar and located a distance substantiallybelow the cutting edge of said razor blade to provide space underneaththe entire length of the cutting edge and to permit the segregate topass therethrough during the operation of shaving.

7. A safety razor comprising a cap, a guard, a bar at each of the longedges of said guard, a

' razor blade between said cap and guard and a handle to draw said captowards the guard and to bend said blade over said guard, the sharp andburred corners existing at the edges on one surface of said blade beingdulled at the location of the bending line of said blade, said cap andguard being formed to bend said razor blade at the dulled corners and ata substantially sharp angle on a line parallel to the cutting edge andremoved from the centre of said razor blade, to press on said blade fromthe bend on out throughout its entire length and spaced sections in saidguard connecting with each bar and located a distance substantiallybelow the cutting edge of said razor blade to provide space underneaththe entire length of the cutting edge and to permit the segregate topass therethrough during the operation of shaving.

8. A razor blade comprising a sheet of steel, derived by a forcingprocess, conveniently located perforations stamped out from said razorblade to facilitate the bending of said blade, the sharp and burredcorners existing on the edges on one surface of said blade, which aredue to the process of forcing, having a dullness at the location of thebending line of said blade.

9. A razor blade comprising a double edged sheet of steel, derived by aforcing process, con

veniently located perforations stamped out from said blade locatedsubstantially parallel to each cutting edge to facilitate the bending ofsaid blade on a straight line which is to pass through saidperforations, the sharp and burred corners existing on one surface ofsaid blade and produced by the process of forcing, having a dullness atthe locations of the bending lines of said blade.

10. A razor blade having a plurality of slots substantially parallel toits cutting edge, the end or ends of each slot forming an enlargement toprovide lengthened webs at said slots to increase the flexibility ofsaid blade on a line which passes through said slots, the sharp andburred corners of said webs being blunted to prevent prior breakage inone direction of bending of said blade.

11. A safety razor comprising a cap, a guard, a razor blade between saidcap and guard and a handle to draw said cap toward the guard and to bendsaid blade over said guard, a perforated cross section in said blade,parallel to its cutting edge and removed from the middle part of saidblade, the webs of the perforated cross sections being dulled at theircorners on both sides of said blade to permit an equal or substantiallyequal amount of bend in either direction, said blade being bent morethan 30 degrees relative to the surface of the middle part of saidblade.

12. A safety razor comprising a cap, a guard, a razor blade between saidcap and guard and a handle to draw said cap toward the guard and to bendsaid blade over said guard, a plurality of slots in said blade parallelto its cutting edge and removed from the middle part of said blade, theend or ends of each slot forming an enlargement to provide lengthenedwebs at said slots to increase the flexibility of said blade on a linepassing through said slots, said webs being dulled at their corners onboth sides of said blade to permit a substantially equal amount of bendin either direction, said blade being bent more than 30 degrees relativeto the surface of the middle part of said blade.

13. A safety razor comprising a cap, a guard, a razor blade between saidcap and guard and a handle to draw said cap toward the guard and to bendsaid blade over said guard, a plurality of slots in said blade, parallelto its cutting edge and removed from the middle part of said blade, theend or ends of each slot forming an enlarge-- ment to provide webs ,ofincreased length at said slots to enhance the flexibility of said bladeon a line passing through said slots, said webs being dulled at theircorners on both sides of said blade to permit a substantially equalamount of bend in either direction, said blade being bent more than 30and less than degrees relative to the surface of the middle part of saidblade, the surface of the bent-over cutting edge being located atsubstantially the same height as the skintouching surfaces of said capand guard.

14. A razor blade comprising a double edged sheet of steel derived by aforcing process and having a cross section weakened on both surfaces ofsaid sheet and on a line near to and substantially parallel to eithercutting edge, to increase the flexibility of said sheet, one surface ofthe razor blade having a weakening different in character from theoriginal weakening, said blade surface being the one which has receivedthe original operation last.

15. A razor blade comprising a sheet of steel derived by a forcingprocess and which is to be bent in a suitable blade holder on a line orlines parallel to the cutting edge or edges of said blade, the sharp andburred corners existing on the edges of said blade, which are due to theforcing process, having a dullness at the location of the bending lineor lines of said blade.

PAUL BAUERLE.

